A SEPTIC SYSTEM HAS FOUR MAJOR COMPONENTS:

1. A house sewer line carries the waste to the septic tank.
2. A septic tank prepares the waste material for disposal into the leaching system.

3. A liquid distribution "D" box may be used to distribute the effluent uniformly through the leaching system.
4. A leaching system which may consist of a drain field, trenches, leaching pits, beds or galleries which help purify the effluent by filtration through the soil.

COMMON CAUSES OF FAILURE

• Neglecting to inspect and clean the septic tank regularly.
• Lack of understanding on proper use of the system.
• Poor soil conditions and/or faulty design or installation.

The signs of failure include high surface water in the leaching area, lush growth of grass, odor and waste water draining slowly from the bathroom or kitchen -- or even backing up into the house.

When contemplating the purchase of a house, have a licensed specialist in septic systems do a thorough inspection of the septic system. It may save you thousands of dollars.

• Always conserve water to reduce the amount of wastewater that must be treated and disposed of.
  
• Repair all leaking faucets and toilets.
  
• Discharge only biological wastes into the system: no panty liners, cigarette filters, q-tips, tampons, condoms, disposable diapers or other non-biodegradable products.
  
• Divert all down spouts and all other surface water away from the tank and drainfields.
  
• Have your septic tank pumped on a regular schedule and check for leaks and cracks.
  
• Keep all septic tank covers accessible for tank inspections and pumpings.
  
• Do not use a garbage disposal. Compost your garbage or put it in your trash instead.
  
• Do not put solvents, oils, paints, thinners, disinfectants, pesticides, etc. down the drain. This can disrupt the treatment process and contaminate groundwater.
  
• Don't dig in your drainfield or build anything over the entire septic system including the tank.
  
• Don't plant anything over the drainfield except grass.
  
• Don't drive over the drainfield or compact it in any way as to prevent flow to the drainfields.